What is Braces?
Braces are fixed appliances, brackets bonded to the teeth connected by wires, that apply gentle, continuous pressure to move teeth into better positions over time.
Why is it needed?
Crooked, crowded, or protruding teeth and bite problems can affect chewing, cleaning, and confidence. Braces correct alignment and bite for long-term dental health.
Symptoms & signs
- Crowded or overlapping teeth
- Gaps between teeth
- An overbite, underbite, or crossbite
- Difficulty cleaning between crowded teeth
Common causes
- Inherited jaw and tooth size differences
- Early loss of baby teeth
- Habits such as prolonged thumb-sucking
The procedure, step by step
- Orthodontic assessment. The dentist examines your teeth and bite, often with X-rays and photographs, and plans treatment.
- Fitting braces. Brackets are bonded to the teeth and connected with a wire.
- Regular adjustments. Periodic visits adjust the wires to gradually move teeth into position.
- Retention. After treatment, a retainer holds the teeth in their new position.
Number of visits
Treatment usually spans 12–24 months with check-ups every few weeks, followed by retainer wear.
Recovery time
Teeth may feel tender for a few days after fitting and adjustments; this settles quickly.
Benefits
- Straighter, easier-to-clean teeth
- Improved bite and chewing function
- A more confident smile
- Effective for complex alignment issues
Possible risks
- Temporary discomfort after adjustments
- Higher risk of decay if cleaning is not thorough, good hygiene is essential
- Treatment time varies between individuals
Alternatives
- Clear aligners (for suitable cases)
- Retainers (for very minor correction)
Aftercare
- Brush carefully around brackets and floss daily
- Avoid very hard or sticky foods
- Attend all adjustment appointments
- Wear your retainer exactly as instructed after treatment
When to visit a dentist
If you or your child have crowded, gapped, or misaligned teeth, an orthodontic assessment can determine the most suitable treatment.
Medical note: This page provides general information only and is not a substitute for professional advice. Your dentist will evaluate whether this treatment is suitable for you after an in-person examination.
Frequently asked questions
How long do braces take?
Most treatments take 12–24 months, though this varies with the complexity of the case. Your dentist will evaluate whether this treatment is suitable for you after a clinical examination and any necessary X-rays.
Do braces hurt?
You may feel pressure or tenderness for a few days after fitting or adjustments, which usually eases with time and simple pain relief.
Braces or clear aligners?
Braces suit a wide range of cases including complex ones, while aligners are removable and discreet for suitable cases. An assessment will guide the choice.