What is Dental Crowns?
A dental crown is a custom-made cap that fits over a tooth to restore its shape, size, strength, and appearance. Crowns can be made from porcelain, ceramic, metal, or a combination.
Why is it needed?
A crown protects a tooth that is weakened, heavily filled, cracked, or has had root canal treatment. It restores full chewing function and can improve the look of a discoloured or misshapen tooth.
Symptoms & signs
- A large filling with little natural tooth remaining
- A cracked, worn, or weakened tooth
- A tooth after root canal treatment
- A discoloured or misshapen tooth affecting your smile
Common causes
- Extensive decay or a fractured tooth
- Root canal treatment on a back tooth
- Wear from grinding
- Cosmetic concerns about shape or colour
The procedure, step by step
- Preparation. The dentist gently shapes the tooth so the crown will fit precisely.
- Impression / scan. A mould or digital scan is taken to create a crown that matches your bite and neighbouring teeth.
- Temporary crown. A temporary crown protects the tooth while the permanent one is made.
- Fitting. The permanent crown is checked for fit and colour, then cemented in place.
Number of visits
Usually 2 visits, one to prepare and take impressions, and one to fit the final crown.
Recovery time
There is little to no downtime. Mild sensitivity for a few days is normal as the tooth settles.
Benefits
- Protects and strengthens a vulnerable tooth
- Restores natural chewing and appearance
- Long-lasting with good care
- Can improve the colour and shape of a tooth
Possible risks
- Temporary sensitivity after preparation
- A crown can loosen or chip over time and may need repair
- Rarely, further treatment is needed if the underlying tooth develops problems
Alternatives
- A large filling or inlay/onlay (for less extensive damage)
- Extraction and replacement if the tooth cannot be saved
Aftercare
- Brush and floss around the crown daily
- Avoid biting very hard objects (ice, pens)
- Wear a night guard if you grind your teeth (if advised)
- Attend regular check-ups
When to visit a dentist
If a tooth is cracked, heavily filled, or has had root canal treatment, ask your dentist whether a crown is needed to protect it.
Medical note: This page provides general information only and is not a substitute for professional advice. Your dentist will evaluate whether this treatment is suitable for you after an in-person examination.
Frequently asked questions
How long do dental crowns last?
Crowns commonly last many years with good oral hygiene. Lifespan depends on the material, your bite, and habits such as grinding. Your dentist will evaluate whether this treatment is suitable for you after a clinical examination and any necessary X-rays.
Does getting a crown hurt?
Crown preparation is done under local anaesthetic and is usually comfortable. Some mild sensitivity afterwards is normal.
What are crowns made of?
Options include porcelain, ceramic, metal, and porcelain-fused-to-metal. Your dentist will recommend the best material for the tooth and your priorities.